Tabriz: The city of Tabriz is situated 619 km. northwest of Tehran and 150 km. from the borders of Iran and the Republic of Azarbayjan. This city is generally cold but due to its environment the climate is extremely pleasant. Rivers such as Ajy Chay, Liqvan Chay, Maidan Chay and Soofian Chay flow through this area. In an inscription related to Sangar II one of the Assyrian rulers 714 BC, the name of Tabriz has been mentioned in the 3rd and 4th centuries AD when the city of Tabriz was of great importance. For the first time in the 4th century AH., the Raavadian family proclaimed Tabriz as their capital. During the said period and the Mongol reign, Tabriz experienced many earthquakes causing it to become a ruined city. But after the Mongol conquests this city was made capital by 'Abaqakhan' of the Ilkhanan. During the reign of 'Mahmood Qazan' (694 AH.) the city thrived . Mosques such as Alishah, Robe Rashidy, and Shonab Qazan were constructed during this period. During the Safavid dynasty Tabriz was the capital of Iran. The Kabood Mosque is a relic from the time of the Turkemans. In later centuries Tabriz has been the seat of great warriors facing the Ottomans and Russians. Personalities such as Sattar Khan and Baqer Khan in their fight against despotism is on historical record. In the year 1911 AD., Sheikh Mohammad Khiyabani (one of the clergymen) revolted against the colonialist policies of the British government. The Islamic revolution owes its success partly, because of the participation of the people of Tabriz and their heroic deeds.
Places of interest:

1.Kabood (Goey) Mosque, Tabriz:
This structure is the remnants of the Turkemans in the year 870 AH. The mosque was destroyed by the earthquake in the year 1192 AH. and only the gateway remained as an excellent piece of architecture. The building of the mosque became under interest in 1310 AH. and in 1318-1319 Shamsi (1939-1940) and after the Islamic Revolution, its northern facade was reconstructed. This structure is the remnants of the Turkemans in the year 870 AH. The mosque was destroyed by the earthquake in the year 1192 AH. and only the gateway remained as an excellent piece of architecture. The building of the mosque became under interest in 1310 AH. and in 1318-1319 Shamsi (1939-1940) and after the Islamic Revolution, its northern facade was reconstructed.
2.Ark Mosque, Tabriz:
This great edifice is the remnants of the mosque built in the years 716-724 AH., by the Minister of Soltan Mohammad Khodabandeh and Abu Sa'eid Bahador Khan. In those times it was tile-worked with marble columns and inscriptions. Later on it came down to ruins. In the year 1320 AH. (1941 AD), its courtyard was turned into a public park known as Baq-e-Melli or national garden. To which a few buildings such as official buildings and a hall have been added. But these in recent years have been demolished and the courtyard is now used as a place for Friday prayers in the city of Tabriz.
3.Tabriz Jame' Mosque (Jomeh Mosque), Tabriz:
It is one of the historical mosques of the area. Throughout the ages this mosque has flourished and today is the seat of theology and place for religious ceremonies.

4.Atash Neshani Tower, Tabriz: It is one of the oldest towers in the city, which dates back to about100 years ago. Its structure has architectural value.

5.Eil Goli Edifice, Tabriz:

The former Shah Goli or the present Eil Goli (the Shah's pool) is one of the recreational areas of Tabriz and Iran located to the north east of Tabriz. The initial date of construction is not specified but this edifice has been repaired in the year 1970 according to the former lines of architecture.

6.Robe Rashidy Edifice, Tabriz:

These are the remnants of the ancient edifices from the period of the Eilkhanians. Robe Rashidy was the center of scholars and the learned people of those times.

7.Shahr Dary ( Municipality ) Palace, Tabriz:

This building is located in the downtown of Tabriz in the famous clock (Sa'at) square. This structure was constructed in the year 1933 AD. under German supervision before World War II. The stony edifice is constructed on a ruined and ancient graveyard. There is a tower with a four sided clock on this building and at present is the municipality building of Tabriz.

8.Azarbayjan Museum, Tabriz:
This large edifice is located in Imam Khomeini avenue in Tabriz and is noted for its wide collection of historical valuable vestiges. It houses over 2,300 antique pieces that are on record, and more than 100 pieces are being studied to be recorded. There are around 100 hand written books, 7 2,500 printed historical books and several others relating to archeology and scientific fields. On an average annually approximately 100,000 people visit this museum.

9.Aramaneh Museum, Tabriz:

This is one of the most important Armenian Museums of Iran and is situated in Shariyati Avenue of Tabriz. Here there is a collection of valuables such as hand written books, scrolls, commandments, valuable paintings, medals, coins, stones, warfare equipments and vessels made out of silver, copper, porcelain and even glass-ware. Wooden masterpieces and various other valuable objects.

10.Mashrootiyat (The Constitution) Museum, Tabriz:

This ancient building or 'house' was the gathering place for the constitutional revolutionary leaders. In the year (1868 AD) This building was constructed by the leader of the movement 'Haj Mehdi Koozeh Kanani'.

11.Maber-At-Ol Sho'ara ( The Poets Tomb), Tabriz:

Maqbaratol Shoara is to the east of the mausoleum of Seyed Hamzeh. This is where famous personalities such as scholars (both in the field of literature and art) are laid to rest. Such as Homam Tabrizy, Khaqani Shirvani, Asadi-e-Toosi, Abol Alla Falaki, Zahirudin Faryabi, Anvari Abiverdi, Qatran Tabrizy, Sheikh Mohammad Khiyabani, Seqatol Islam, and the contemporary famous poet of Iran, Ostad Mohammad Hossein Shahriyar.

12.Wildlife Museum, Tabriz:

This museum displays a variety of taxidermy specimens of animals and species found in the province of Azarbayjan.

13.Kandowan Village, Tabriz:

This village lies 62 km. southwest of Tabriz and 22 km. south of Oskoo. From the architectural point of views this village is interesting, as the settlements are rocky dating back to the 7th century AH. or even the pre-Islamic period. These 'houses' resemble caves, being 'dug out' in the mountains and therefore are reputed worldwide. Mineral water in this area is also used for treatment of diseases. There are various other interesting villages in the province having specific architectural features.

14.Babak Castle, Kalibar:

This castle is located 5 km. southwest of Kaliber, and 148 Km from Tabriz at 2,600 m. above sea level. Surrounding the castle are valleys and only access to this structure is through a narrow track. It was from this castle that Babak Khorram Din and his followers fought against the Arabs for 22 years. Historical evidences show that this castle was the center of rule in the 6th and 7th century AH., of the territory. This castle has been repaired by The Cultural Heritage Organization of Iran.

14.Dokhtar ( Qiz Qalasi ) Castle, Mianeh:

The castle is located south of Pol-e-Dokhtar of Mianeh and the caravansary or ancient inn of Jamal Abad, one of the masterpieces of architecture. Mianeh lies in the eastern most region of the province between the Bozqoosh and Qaflan Kooh mountain ranges. Mianeh stands 170 km. southeast of Tabriz. It has a warm Mediterranean climate with a maximum annual temperature of 19° C on an average.

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